Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia

To understand Alzheimer's disease, it is crucial to first understand the major
manifestation of this disease: dementia. Dementia is the universal slowing of
the thought processes. This may be demonstrated by poor short-term memory, poor
judgment, and an inability to perform simple mathematical calculations

Dementia can be caused by a number of conditions (multiple strokes, alcohol
abuse, B-complex vitamin deficiencies). Alzheimer's is of particular interest
due to its prevalence, unrelenting downhill course, and, as yet, unknown cause.
Although Alzheimer's disease can occur in younger age groups (50's), it most
commonly occurs in those over 65. Alzheimers's occurs more commonly in females
than in males. It is seen more frequently in those who have a family history
(blood relative) for dementia. Provided below is summary of list of the causes
of dementia


* CAUSES OF DEMENTIA *


1. B-COMPLEX VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES (thiamine, B6, B12, niacin)
2. CHRONIC ALCOHOL ABUSE
3. ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
4. SENILE DEMENTIA (old age)
5. MULTI-INFARCT DEMENTIA (secondary to multiple strokes)
6. DIABETES
7. HYPOTHYROIDISM
8. LIVER DISEASE
9. KIDNEY FAILURE


Severe dementia may progress to the complete inability to care for one's self,
poor bladder and bowel control, wandering (frequently getting lost), mood
swings, and occasional violent outbursts


The evaluation


of the patient with dementia is complex. Both CT-scanning and
MRI scanning of the brain can reveal changes consistent with the diagnosis of
Alzheimer's disease. Spinal tap, blood tests, and EEG may all be part of the
battery of exams necessary to evaluate this difficult problem
Emphasis will first be given to ruling out treatable and reversible
causes. Some medications can make these patients worse, so a complete
evaluation of the patient's medications must be undertaken

Some newer medications are appearing (Cognex) that can help control the
symptoms associated with Alzheimer's disease. The Neurologist is expert in the
evaluation of this patient